HSK 1 is the first level of the HSK (Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi) exam. It contains approximately 500 words and provides a solid foundation for learning Chinese. Below, you'll find a list of all the words included in the HSK 1 exam. Whether you're preparing for the exam or simply looking for some structure, this list is an excellent starting point. Each word includes its pinyin and English translation.
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HSK 1 Word List
| Chinese | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 爱 | ài | to love; to be fond of; to like; affection; to be inclined (to do sth); to tend to (happen) |
| 爱好 | ài hào | to like; to be fond of; to take pleasure in; to be keen on; interest; hobby |
| 八 | bā | eight; 8 |
| 爸爸 | bà ba | (coll.) father; dad |
| 吧 | ba | (modal particle indicating suggestion or surmise); ...right?; ...OK?; ...I presume. |
| 白 | bái | white; snowy; pure; bright; empty; blank; plain; clear; to make clear; in vain; gratuitous; free of charge; reactionary; anti-communist; funeral; to stare coldly; to write wrong character; to state; to explain; vernacular; spoken lines in opera |
| 白天 | bái tiān | daytime; during the day; day |
| 百 | bǎi | hundred; numerous; all kinds of |
| 班 | bān | team; class; grade; (military) squad; work shift; classifier for groups of people and scheduled transport vehicles |
| 半 | bàn | half; semi-; incomplete; (after a number) and a half |
| 半年 | bàn nián | half a year |
| 半天 | bàn tiān | half of the day; a long time; quite a while; midair |
| 帮 | bāng | to help; to assist; to support; for sb (i.e. as a help); hired (as worker); side (of pail, boat etc); outer layer; upper (of a shoe); group; gang; clique; party; secret society |
| 帮忙 | bāng máng | to help; to lend a hand; to do a favor; to do a good turn |
| 包 | bāo | to cover; to wrap; to hold; to include; to take charge of; to contract (to or for); package; wrapper; container; bag; to hold or embrace; bundle; packet |
| 包子 | bāo zi | baozi; bao (steamed stuffed bun) |
| 杯 | bēi | cup; trophy cup; classifier for certain containers of liquids: glass, cup; trophy cup; classifier for certain containers of liquids: glass, cup |
| 杯子 | bēi zi | cup; glass |
| 北 | běi | north; (classical) to be defeated |
| 北边 | běi biān | north; north side; northern part; to the north of |
| 北京 | běi jīng | Beijing municipality, capital of the People's Republic of China (abbr. to 京[Jing1]) |
| 本 | běn | (bound form) root; stem; (bound form) origin; source; (bound form) one's own; this; (bound form) this; the current (year etc); (bound form) original; (bound form) inherent; originally; initially; capital; principal; classifier for books, periodicals, files etc |
| 本子 | běn zi | book; notebook; Japanese-style self-published comic (esp. an erotic one), aka "dōjinshi"; edition |
| 别 | biè | to make sb change their ways, opinions etc |
| 别的 | bié de | else; other |
| 别人 | bié ren | other people; others; other person |
| 病 | bìng | illness; disease; to fall ill; defect |
| 病人 | bìng rén | sick person; patient; invalid |
| 不大 | bù dà | not very; not too; not often |
| 不对 | bù duì | incorrect; wrong; amiss; abnormal; queer |
| 不客气 | bù kè qi | you're welcome; don't mention it; impolite; rude; blunt |
| 不用 | bù yòng | need not |
| 不 | bù | no; not so; (bound form) not; un- |
| 菜 | cài | vegetable; (of one's skills etc) weak; poor; (coll.) (one's) type |
| 茶 | chá | tea; tea plant |
| 差 | chà | different; wrong; mistaken; to fall short; to lack; not up to standard; inferior; Taiwan pr. [cha1] |
| 常 | cháng | always; ever; often; frequently; common; general; constant |
| 常常 | cháng cháng | frequently; often |
| 唱 | chàng | to sing; to call loudly; to chant |
| 唱歌 | chàng gē | to sing a song |
| 车 | chē | car; vehicle; machine; to shape with a lathe; Kangxi radical 159 |
| 车票 | chē piào | ticket (for a bus or train) |
| 车站 | chē zhàn | rail station; bus stop |
| 吃 | chī | to eat; to consume; to eat at (a cafeteria etc); to eradicate; to destroy; to absorb; to suffer (shock, injury, defeat etc) |
| 吃饭 | chī fàn | to have a meal; to eat; to make a living |
| 出 | chū | to go out; to come out; to arise; to occur; to produce; to yield; to go beyond; to exceed; (used after a verb to indicate an outward direction or a positive result); classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc |
| 出来 | chu lai | (after a verb, indicates coming out, completion of an action, or ability to discern or detect) |
| 出去 | chū qù | to go out |
| 穿 | chuān | to wear; to put on; to dress; to bore through; to pierce; to perforate; to penetrate; to pass through; to thread |
| 床 | chuáng | bed; bed; bottom (of rivers, oceans, gardens etc); frame; chassis; classifier for blankets, quilts etc |
| 次 | cì | next in sequence; second; the second (day, time etc); secondary; vice-; sub-; infra-; inferior quality; substandard; order; sequence; hypo- (chemistry); classifier for enumerated events: time |
| 从 | cóng | from; through; via; (bound form) to follow; (bound form) to obey; (bound form) to engage in (an activity); (used before a negative) ever; (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) retainer; attendant; (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate; (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor |
| 错 | cuò | mistake; wrong; bad; interlocking; complex; to grind; to polish; to alternate; to stagger; to miss; to let slip; to evade; to inlay with gold or silver |
| 打 | dá | (loanword) dozen; Taiwan pr. [da3] |
| 打车 | dǎ chē | to take a taxi (in town); to hitch a lift |
| 打电话 | dǎ diàn huà | to make a telephone call |
| 打开 | dǎ kāi | to open; to show (a ticket); to turn on; to switch on |
| 打球 | dǎ qiú | to play ball; to play with a ball |
| 大 | dà | big; large; great; older (than another person); eldest (as in 大姐[da4 jie3]); greatly; freely; fully; (dialect) father; (dialect) uncle (father's brother) |
| 大学 | dà xué | the Great Learning, one of the Four Books 四書|四书[Si4 shu1] in Confucianism; university; college |
| 大学生 | dà xué shēng | university student; college student |
| 到 | dào | to reach; to arrive; to leave for; to go to; to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point); (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point); considerate; thoughtful; thorough |
| 得到 | dé dào | to get; to obtain; to receive |
| 地 | de | -ly; structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct |
| 的 | de | of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis); also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs |
| 等 | děng | to wait for; to await; by the time; when; till; and so on; etc.; et al.; (bound form) class; rank; grade; (bound form) equal to; same as; (used to end an enumeration); (literary) (plural suffix attached to a personal pronoun or noun) |
| 地 | de | -ly; structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct |
| 地点 | dì diǎn | place; site; location; venue |
| 地方 | dì fang | area; place; space; room; territory |
| 地上 | dì shang | on the ground; on the floor |
| 地图 | dì tú | map |
| 弟弟 | dì di | younger brother |
| 第 | dì | (prefix indicating ordinal number, as in 第六[di4-liu4] "sixth"); (literary) grades in which successful candidates in the imperial examinations were placed; (old) residence of a high official; (literary) but; however; (literary) only; just |
| 点 | diǎn | point; dot; drop; speck; o'clock; point (in space or time); to draw a dot; to check on a list; to choose; to order (food in a restaurant); to touch briefly; to hint; to light; to ignite; to pour a liquid drop by drop; (old) one fifth of a two-hour watch 更[geng1]; dot stroke in Chinese characters; classifier for items |
| 电 | diàn | lightning; electricity; electric (bound form); to get (or give) an electric shock; phone call or telegram etc; to send via telephone or telegram etc |
| 电话 | diàn huà | telephone; phone call; phone number |
| 电脑 | diàn nǎo | computer |
| 电视 | diàn shì | television; TV |
| 电视机 | diàn shì jī | television set |
| 电影 | diàn yǐng | movie; film |
| 电影院 | diàn yǐng yuàn | cinema; movie theater |
| 东 | dōng | east; host (i.e. sitting on east side of guest); landlord |
| 东边 | dōng bian | east; east side; eastern part; to the east of |
| 东西 | dōng xi | thing; stuff; person |
| 动 | dòng | (of sth) to move; to set in movement; to displace; to touch; to make use of; to stir (emotions); to alter; abbr. for 動詞|动词[dong4 ci2], verb |
| 动作 | dòng zuò | movement; motion; to act; to move |
| 都 | dōu | all; both; entirely; (used for emphasis) even; already; (not) at all |
| 读 | dòu | comma; phrase marked by pause |
| 读书 | dú shū | to read a book; to study; to attend school |
| 对 | duì | right; correct; towards; at; for; concerning; regarding; to treat (sb a certain way); to face; (bound form) opposite; facing; matching; to match together; to adjust; to fit; to suit; to answer; to reply; to add; to pour in (a fluid); to check; to compare; classifier: couple; pair |
| 对不起 | duì bu qǐ | I'm sorry; excuse me; I beg your pardon; to let (sb) down; to disappoint |
| 多 | duō | many; much; too many; in excess; (after a numeral) ... odd; how (to what extent) (Taiwan pr. [duo2]); (bound form) multi-; poly- |
| 多少 | duō shao | how much?; how many?; (phone number, student ID etc) what number? |
| 饿 | è | hungry; to starve (sb) |
| 儿子 | ér zi | son |
| 二 | èr | two; 2; (Beijing dialect) stupid |
| 饭 | fàn | cooked rice; meal; (loanword) fan; devotee |
| 饭店 | fàn diàn | restaurant; hotel |
| 房间 | fáng jiān | room |
| 房子 | fáng zi | house; building (single- or two-story); apartment; room |
| 放 | fàng | to put; to place; to release; to free; to let go; to let out; to set off (fireworks) |
| 放假 | fàng jià | to have a holiday or vacation |
| 放学 | fàng xué | to dismiss students at the end of the school day |
| 飞 | fēi | to fly |
| 飞机 | fēi jī | airplane |
| 非常 | fēi cháng | very; really; unusual; extraordinary |
| 分 | fèn | part; share; ingredient; component |
| 风 | fēng | wind; news; style; custom; manner |
| 干净 | gān jìng | clean; neat |
| 干 | gàn | to manage; to work; to do; capable; cadre; to kill (slang); to fuck (vulgar); (coll.) pissed off; annoyed |
| 干什么 | gàn shén me | what are you doing?; what's he up to? |
| 高 | gāo | high; tall; above average; loud; your (honorific) |
| 高兴 | gāo xìng | happy; glad; willing (to do sth); in a cheerful mood |
| 告诉 | gào su | to tell; to inform; to let know |
| 哥哥 | gē ge | older brother |
| 歌 | gē | song; to sing |
| 个 | gè | (classifier used before a noun that has no specific classifier); (bound form) individual |
| 给 | gěi | to; for; for the benefit of; to give; to allow; to do sth (for sb); (grammatical equivalent of 被); (grammatical equivalent of 把); (sentence intensifier) |
| 跟 | gēn | heel; to follow closely; to go with; (of a woman) to marry sb; with; compared with; to; towards; and (joining two nouns) |
| 工人 | gōng rén | worker |
| 工作 | gōng zuò | to work; (of a machine) to operate; job; work; task |
| 关 | guān | mountain pass; to close; to shut; to turn off; to confine; to lock (sb) up; to shut (sb in a room, a bird in a cage etc); to concern; to involve |
| 关上 | guān shàng | to close (a door); to turn off (light, electrical equipment etc) |
| 贵 | guì | abbr. for Guizhou Province 貴州|贵州[Gui4zhou1]; expensive; (bound form) highly valued; precious; (bound form) noble; of high rank; (prefix) (honorific) your |
| 国 | guó | country; nation; state; (bound form) national |
| 国家 | guó jiā | country; nation; state |
| 国外 | guó wài | abroad; external (affairs); overseas; foreign |
| 过 | guo | (experienced action marker) |
| 还 | huán | to pay back; to return |
| 还是 | hái shi | still (as before); had better; unexpectedly; or |
| 还有 | hái yǒu | there still remain(s); there is (or are) still; in addition |
| 孩子 | hái zi | child |
| 汉语 | hàn yǔ | Chinese language |
| 汉字 | hàn zì | Chinese character(s) |
| 好 | hào | to be fond of; to have a tendency to; to be prone to |
| 好吃 | hào chī | to be fond of eating; to be gluttonous |
| 好看 | hǎo kàn | good-looking; nice-looking; good (of a movie, book, TV show etc); embarrassed; humiliated |
| 好听 | hǎo tīng | pleasant to hear |
| 号 | hào | ordinal number; day of a month; mark; sign; business establishment; size; ship suffix; horn (wind instrument); bugle call; assumed name; to take a pulse; classifier used to indicate number of people |
| 喝 | hè | to shout |
| 和 | huò | to mix (ingredients) together; to blend; classifier for rinses of clothes; classifier for boilings of medicinal herbs |
| 很 | hěn | very; quite; (also, often used before an adjective without intensifying its meaning, i.e. as a meaningless syntactic element) |
| 后 | hòu | empress; queen; (archaic) monarch; ruler; back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later; post- |
| 后边 | hòu bian | the back; the rear; the last bit; behind; near the end; at the back; later; afterwards |
| 后天 | hòu tiān | the day after tomorrow; life after birth (the period in which one develops through experiences, contrasted with 先天[xian1 tian1]); acquired (not innate or congenital); a posteriori |
| 花 | huā | flower; blossom; fancy pattern; florid; to spend (money, time); (coll.) lecherous; lustful; flower; blossom; also pr. [wei3] |
| 话 | huà | dialect; language; spoken words; speech; talk; words; conversation; what sb said |
| 坏 | huài | bad; spoiled; broken; to break down; (suffix) to the utmost |
| 还 | huán | to pay back; to return |
| 回 | huí | to circle; to go back; to turn around; to answer; to return; to revolve; Hui ethnic group (Chinese Muslims); time; classifier for acts of a play; section or chapter (of a classic book); to curve; to return; to revolve |
| 回答 | huí dá | to reply; to answer; reply; answer |
| 回到 | huí dào | to return to |
| 回家 | huí jiā | to return home |
| 回来 | huí lai | to return; to come back |
| 回去 | huí qu | to return; to go back |
| 会 | huì | can; to have the skill; to know how to; to be likely to; to be sure to; to meet; to get together; meeting; gathering; (suffix) union; group; association; (bound form) a moment (Taiwan pr. [hui3]) |
| 火车 | huǒ chē | train |
| 机场 | jī chǎng | airport; airfield; (slang) service provider for Shadowsocks or similar software for circumventing Internet censorship |
| 机票 | jī piào | air ticket; passenger ticket |
| 鸡蛋 | jī dàn | (chicken) egg; hen's egg |
| 几 | jī | small table; almost |
| 记 | jì | to record; to note; to memorize; to remember; mark; sign; classifier for blows, kicks, shots |
| 记得 | jì de | to remember |
| 记住 | jì zhu | to remember; to bear in mind; to learn by heart |
| 家 | jiā | used in 傢伙|家伙[jia1huo5] and 傢俱|家俱[jia1ju4]; home; family; (polite) my (sister, uncle etc); classifier for families or businesses; refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China; noun suffix for a specialist in some activity, such as a musician or revolutionary, corresponding to English -ist, -er, -ary or -ian |
| 家里 | jiā lǐ | home |
| 家人 | jiā rén | family member; (old) servant |
| 间 | jiàn | gap; to separate; to thin out (seedlings); to sow discontent |
| 见 | jiàn | to see; to meet; to appear (to be sth); to interview; opinion; view |
| 见面 | jiàn miàn | to meet; to see each other |
| 教 | jiào | religion; teaching; to make; to cause; to tell |
| 叫 | jiào | to shout; to call; to order; to ask; to be called; by (indicates agent in the passive mood) |
| 教学楼 | jiào xué lóu | school building; academic building |
| 姐姐 | jiě jie | older sister |
| 介绍 | jiè shào | to introduce (sb to sb); to give a presentation; to present (sb for a job etc); introduction |
| 今年 | jīn nián | this year |
| 今天 | jīn tiān | today; the present time; now |
| 进 | jìn | to go forward; to advance; to go in; to enter; to put in; to submit; to take in; to admit; (math.) base of a number system; classifier for sections in a building or residential compound |
| 进来 | jìn lái | to come in |
| 进去 | jìn qù | to go in |
| 九 | jiǔ | nine; 9 |
| 就 | jiù | (after a suppositional clause) in that case; then; (after a clause of action) as soon as; immediately after; (same as 就是[jiu4 shi4]) merely; nothing else but; simply; just; precisely; exactly; only; as little as; as much as; as many as; to approach; to move towards; to undertake; to engage in; (often followed by 著|着[zhe5]) taking advantage of; (of food) to go with; with regard to; concerning; (pattern: 就[jiu4] ... 也[ye3] ...) even if ... still ...; (pattern: 不[bu4] ... 就[jiu4] ...) if not ... then must be ... |
| 觉得 | jué de | to think that ...; to feel that ...; to feel (uncomfortable etc) |
| 开 | kāi | to open (transitive or intransitive); (of ships, vehicles, troops etc) to start; to turn on; to put in operation; to operate; to run; to boil; to write out (a prescription, check, invoice etc); (directional complement) away; off; carat (gold); abbr. for Kelvin, 開爾文|开尔文[Kai1er3wen2]; abbr. for 開本|开本[kai1ben3], book format |
| 开车 | kāi chē | to drive a car |
| 开会 | kāi huì | to hold a meeting; to attend a meeting |
| 开玩笑 | kāi wán xiào | to play a joke; to make fun of; to joke |
| 看 | kàn | to see; to look at; to read; to watch; to visit; to call on; to consider; to regard as; to look after; to treat (a patient or illness); to depend on; to feel (that); (after a verb) to give it a try; to watch out for |
| 看病 | kàn bìng | to visit a doctor; to see a patient |
| 看到 | kàn dào | to see |
| 看见 | kàn jiàn | to see; to catch sight of |
| 考 | kǎo | to beat; to hit; to inspect; to test; to take an exam; to check; to verify; to test; to examine; to take an exam; to take an entrance exam for; deceased father |
| 考试 | kǎo shì | to take an exam; exam |
| 渴 | kě | thirsty |
| 课 | kè | subject; course; class; lesson; to levy; tax; form of divination |
| 课本 | kè běn | textbook |
| 课文 | kè wén | text |
| 口 | kǒu | mouth; classifier for things with mouths (people, domestic animals, cannons, wells etc); classifier for bites or mouthfuls |
| 块 | kuài | lump; chunk; piece; classifier for pieces of cloth, cake, soap etc; (coll.) classifier for money and currency units |
| 快 | kuài | rapid; quick; speed; rate; soon; almost; to make haste; clever; sharp (of knives or wits); forthright; plainspoken; gratified; pleased; pleasant |
| 来 | lái | to come; (used as a substitute for a more specific verb); hither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker, as in 回來|回来[hui2lai5]); ever since (as in 自古以來|自古以来[zi4gu3 yi3lai2]); for the past (amount of time); (prefix) the coming ...; the next ... (as in 來世|来世[lai2shi4]); (between two verbs) in order to; (after a round number) approximately; (used after 得[de2] to indicate possibility, as in 談得來|谈得来[tan2de5lai2], or after 不[bu4] to indicate impossibility, as in 吃不來|吃不来[chi1bu5lai2]) |
| 来到 | lái dào | to arrive; to come |
| 老 | lǎo | old (of people); venerable (person); experienced; of long standing; always; all the time; of the past; very; outdated; (of meat etc) tough |
| 老人 | lǎo rén | old man or woman; the elderly; one's aged parents or grandparents |
| 老师 | lǎo shī | teacher |
| 了 | le | (completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) |
| 累 | lèi | tired; weary; to strain; to wear out; to work hard |
| 冷 | lěng | cold |
| 里 | lǐ | lining; interior; inside; internal; also written 裏|里[li3]; li, ancient measure of length, approx. 500 m; neighborhood; ancient administrative unit of 25 families; (Tw) borough, administrative unit between the township 鎮|镇[zhen4] and neighborhood 鄰|邻[lin2] levels |
| 里边 | lǐ bian | inside |
| 两 | liǎng | two; both; some; a few; tael, unit of weight equal to 50 grams (modern) or 1⁄16 of a catty 斤[jin1] (old) |
| 零 | líng | zero; nought; zero sign; fractional; fragmentary; odd (of numbers); (placed between two numbers to indicate a smaller quantity followed by a larger one); fraction; (in mathematics) remainder (after division); extra; to wither and fall; to wither |
| 六 | liù | six; 6 |
| 楼 | lóu | house with more than 1 story; storied building; floor |
| 楼上 | lóu shàng | upstairs; (Internet slang) previous poster in a forum thread |
| 楼下 | lóu xià | downstairs |
| 路 | lù | journey; route; line (bus etc); sort; kind |
| 路口 | lù kǒu | crossing; intersection (of roads) |
| 路上 | lù shang | on the road; on the way; en route |
| 妈妈 | mā ma | mama; mommy; mother |
| 马路 | mǎ lù | street; road |
| 马上 | mǎ shàng | at once; right away; immediately; on horseback (i.e. by military force) |
| 吗 | ma | (question particle for "yes-no" questions) |
| 买 | mǎi | to buy; to purchase |
| 慢 | màn | slow |
| 忙 | máng | busy; hurriedly; to hurry; to rush |
| 毛 | máo | hair; feather; down; wool; mildew; mold; coarse or semifinished; young; raw; careless; unthinking; nervous; scared; (of currency) to devalue or depreciate; classifier for Chinese fractional monetary unit ( = 角[jiao3] , = one-tenth of a yuan or 10 fen 分[fen1]) |
| 没 | méi | (negative prefix for verbs) have not; not |
| 没关系 | méi guān xi | it doesn't matter |
| 没什么 | méi shén me | it doesn't matter; it's nothing; never mind; think nothing of it; it's my pleasure; you're welcome |
| 没事儿 | méi shì r | to have spare time; free from work; it's not important; it's nothing; never mind |
| 没有 | méi yǒu | haven't; hasn't; doesn't exist; to not have; to not be |
| 妹妹 | mèi mei | younger sister; young woman |
| 门 | mén | gate; door; gateway; doorway; opening; valve; switch; way to do something; knack; family; house; (religious) sect; school (of thought); class; category; phylum or division (taxonomy); classifier for large guns; classifier for lessons, subjects, branches of technology; (suffix) -gate (i.e. scandal; derived from Watergate) |
| 门口 | mén kǒu | doorway; gate |
| 门票 | mén piào | ticket (for theater, cinema etc) |
| 们 | men | plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals |
| 米饭 | mǐ fàn | (cooked) rice |
| 面包 | miàn bāo | bread |
| 名字 | míng zi | name (of a person or thing) |
| 明白 | míng bai | clear; obvious; unequivocal; sensible; reasonable; to understand; to realize |
| 明年 | míng nián | next year |
| 明天 | míng tiān | tomorrow |
| 拿 | ná | to hold; to seize; to catch; to apprehend; to take; (used in the same way as 把[ba3]: to mark the following noun as a direct object) |
| 哪 | na | (emphatic sentence-final particle, used instead of 啊[a5] after a word ending in "n") |
| 哪里 | nǎ lǐ | where?; somewhere; anywhere; wherever; nowhere (negative answer to question); humble expression denying compliment; also written 哪裡|哪里; where?; somewhere; anywhere; wherever; nowhere (negative answer to question); humble expression denying compliment |
| 哪儿 | nǎ r | where?; wherever; anywhere; somewhere; (used in rhetorical questions) how can ...?; how could ...? |
| 哪些 | nǎ xiē | which ones?; who?; what? |
| 那 | nuó | (archaic) many; beautiful; how |
| 那边 | nà bian | over there; yonder |
| 那里 | nà li | there; that place; there; that place |
| 那儿 | nà r | there |
| 那些 | nà xiē | those |
| 奶 | nǎi | breast; milk; to breastfeed; mother |
| 奶奶 | nǎi nai | (informal) grandma (paternal grandmother); (respectful) mistress of the house; (coll.) boobies; breasts |
| 男 | nán | (bound form) male; baron, the lowest of the five ranks of nobility 五等爵位[wu3deng3 jue2wei4] |
| 男朋友 | nán péng you | boyfriend |
| 男人 | nán rén | a man; a male; men |
| 男生 | nán shēng | schoolboy; male student; boy; guy (young adult male) |
| 南 | nán | south |
| 南边 | nán bian | south; south side; southern part; to the south of |
| 难 | nàn | disaster; distress; to scold |
| 呢 | ne | particle indicating that a previously asked question is to be applied to the preceding word ("What about ...?", "And ...?"); particle for inquiring about location ("Where is ...?"); particle signaling a pause, to emphasize the preceding words and allow the listener time to take them on board ("ok?", "are you with me?"); (at the end of a declarative sentence) particle indicating continuation of a state or action; particle indicating strong affirmation |
| 能 | néng | can; to be able to; might possibly; ability; (physics) energy |
| 你 | nǐ | you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您[nin2]); you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.) |
| 你们 | nǐ men | you (plural) |
| 年 | nián | year; grain; harvest (old) |
| 您 | nín | you (courteous, as opposed to informal 你[ni3]) |
| 牛奶 | niú nǎi | cow's milk |
| 女 | nǚ | female; woman; daughter |
| 女儿 | nǚ ér | daughter |
| 女朋友 | nǚ péng you | girlfriend |
| 女人 | nǚ ren | wife |
| 女生 | nǚ shēng | schoolgirl; female student; girl |
| 旁边 | páng biān | side; adjacent place |
| 跑 | páo | (of an animal) to paw (the ground) |
| 朋友 | péng you | friend |
| 票 | piào | ticket; ballot; banknote; person held for ransom; amateur performance of Chinese opera; classifier for groups, batches, business transactions |
| 七 | qī | seven; 7 |
| 起 | qǐ | to rise; to raise; to get up; to set out; to start; to appear; to launch; to initiate (action); to draft; to establish; to get (from a depot or counter); verb suffix, to start; starting from (a time, place, price etc); classifier for occurrences or unpredictable events: case, instance; classifier for groups: batch, group |
| 起床 | qǐ chuáng | to get out of bed; to get up |
| 起来 | qi lai | (after a verb) indicating the beginning and continuation of an action or a state; indicating an upward movement (e.g. after 站[zhan4]); indicating completion; (after a perception verb, e.g. 看[kan4]) expressing preliminary judgment; also pr. [qi3lai5] |
| 汽车 | qì chē | car; automobile; bus |
| 前 | qián | front; forward; ahead; first; top (followed by a number); future; ago; before; BC (e.g. 前293年); former; formerly |
| 前边 | qián bian | front; the front side; in front of |
| 前天 | qián tiān | the day before yesterday |
| 钱 | qián | coin; money; unit of weight, one tenth of a tael 兩|两[liang3] |
| 钱包 | qián bāo | purse; wallet |
| 请 | qǐng | to ask; to invite; please (do sth); to treat (to a meal etc); to request |
| 请假 | qǐng jià | to request leave of absence |
| 请进 | qǐng jìn | "please come in" |
| 请问 | qǐng wèn | Excuse me, may I ask...? |
| 请坐 | qǐng zuò | please, have a seat |
| 球 | qiú | ball; sphere; globe; ball game; match |
| 去 | qù | to go; to go to (a place); (of a time etc) last; just passed; to send; to remove; to get rid of; to reduce; to be apart from in space or time; to die (euphemism); to play (a part); (when used either before or after a verb) to go in order to do sth; (after a verb of motion indicates movement away from the speaker); (used after certain verbs to indicate detachment or separation) |
| 去年 | qù nián | last year |
| 热 | rè | to warm up; to heat up; hot (of weather); heat; fervent |
| 人 | rén | person; people |
| 认识 | rèn shi | to know; to recognize; to be familiar with; to get acquainted with sb; knowledge; understanding; awareness; cognition |
| 认真 | rèn zhēn | conscientious; earnest; serious; to take seriously; to take to heart |
| 日 | rì | abbr. for 日本[Ri4 ben3], Japan; sun; day; date, day of the month |
| 日期 | rì qī | date |
| 肉 | ròu | meat; flesh; pulp (of a fruit); (coll.) (of a fruit) squashy; (of a person) flabby; irresolute; Kangxi radical 130 |
| 三 | sān | three; 3 |
| 山 | shān | mountain; (coll.) small bundle of straw for silkworms to spin cocoons on |
| 商场 | shāng chǎng | shopping mall; shopping center; department store; emporium; the business world |
| 商店 | shāng diàn | store; shop |
| 上 | shàng | (bound form) up; upper; above; previous; first (of multiple parts); to climb; to get onto; to go up; to attend (class or university); (directional complement) up; (noun suffix) on; above |
| 上班 | shàng bān | to go to work; to be on duty; to start work; to go to the office |
| 上边 | shàng bian | the top; above; overhead; upwards; the top margin; above-mentioned; those higher up |
| 上车 | shàng chē | to get on or into (a bus, train, car etc) |
| 上次 | shàng cì | last time |
| 上课 | shàng kè | to go to class; to attend class; to go to teach a class |
| 上网 | shàng wǎng | to go online; to connect to the Internet; (of a document etc) to be uploaded to the Internet; (tennis, volleyball etc) to move in close to the net |
| 上午 | shàng wǔ | morning |
| 上学 | shàng xué | to go to school; to attend school |
| 少 | shào | young |
| 谁 | shéi | who; also pr. [shui2] |
| 身上 | shēn shang | on the body; at hand; among |
| 身体 | shēn tǐ | the body; one's health |
| 什么 | shén me | what?; something; anything |
| 生病 | shēng bìng | to fall ill |
| 生气 | shēng qì | to get angry; to be furious; vitality; liveliness |
| 生日 | shēng rì | birthday |
| 十 | shí | ten; 10 |
| 时候 | shí hou | time; length of time; moment; period |
| 时间 | shí jiān | (concept of) time; (duration of) time; (point in) time |
| 事 | shì | matter; thing; item; work; affair |
| 试 | shì | to test; to try; experiment; examination; test |
| 是 | shì | to be (followed by substantives only); correct; right; true; (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well; (adverb for emphatic assertion) |
| 是不是 | shì bù shì | is or isn't; yes or no; whether or not |
| 手 | shǒu | hand; (formal) to hold; person engaged in certain types of work; person skilled in certain types of work; personal(ly); convenient; classifier for skill |
| 手机 | shǒu jī | cell phone; mobile phone |
| 书 | shū | abbr. for 書經|书经[Shu1 jing1]; book; letter; document; to write |
| 书包 | shū bāo | schoolbag; satchel; bookbag |
| 书店 | shū diàn | bookstore |
| 树 | shù | tree; to cultivate; to set up |
| 水 | shuǐ | water; (after a name) ... River; to swim (used mostly in 會水|会水[hui4shui3] and 水性[shui3xing4]); (coll.) lacking in substance; shoddy; (bound form) additional cost; extra income; classifier for washings of a garment |
| 水果 | shuǐ guǒ | fruit |
| 睡 | shuì | to sleep; to lie down |
| 睡觉 | shuì jiào | to go to bed; to sleep |
| 说 | shuì | to persuade |
| 说话 | shuō huà | to speak; to say; to talk; to gossip; to tell stories; talk; word |
| 四 | sì | four; 4 |
| 送 | sòng | to send; to deliver; to transmit; to give (as a present); to see (sb) off; to accompany; to go along with |
| 岁 | suì | years old; classifier for years (of age); year; year (of crop harvests) |
| 他 | tā | he; him (used for either sex when the sex is unknown or unimportant); (used before sb's name for emphasis); (used as a meaningless mock object); (literary) other |
| 他们 | tā men | they; them |
| 她 | tā | she |
| 她们 | tā men | they; them (females) |
| 太 | tài | highest; greatest; too (much); very; extremely |
| 天 | tiān | day; sky; heaven |
| 天气 | tiān qì | weather |
| 听 | tīng | to listen to; to hear; to heed; to obey; a can (loanword from English "tin"); classifier for canned beverages; to let be; to allow (Taiwan pr. [ting4]); (literary) to administer; to deal with (Taiwan pr. [ting4]) |
| 听到 | tīng dào | to hear |
| 听见 | tīng jiàn | to hear |
| 听写 | tīng xiě | (of a pupil) to write down (in a dictation exercise); dictation; (music) to transcribe by ear |
| 同学 | tóng xué | to study at the same school; fellow student; classmate |
| 图书馆 | tú shū guǎn | library |
| 外 | wài | outside; in addition; foreign; external |
| 外边 | wài bian | outside; outer surface; abroad; place other than one's home |
| 外国 | wài guó | foreign country |
| 外语 | wài yǔ | foreign language |
| 玩儿 | wán r | to play; to have fun; to hang out |
| 晚 | wǎn | evening; night; late |
| 晚饭 | wǎn fàn | evening meal; dinner; supper |
| 晚上 | wǎn shang | evening; night; in the evening |
| 网上 | wǎng shàng | online |
| 网友 | wǎng yǒu | online friend; netizen; Internet user |
| 忘 | wàng | to forget; to overlook; to neglect |
| 忘记 | wàng jì | to forget |
| 问 | wèn | to ask; to inquire |
| 我 | wǒ | I; me; my |
| 我们 | wǒ men | we; us; ourselves; our |
| 五 | wǔ | five; 5 |
| 午饭 | wǔ fàn | lunch |
| 西 | xī | the West; abbr. for Spain 西班牙[Xi1 ban1 ya2]; Spanish; west |
| 西边 | xī biān | west; west side; western part; to the west of |
| 洗 | xǐ | to wash; to bathe; to develop (photographs); to shuffle (cards etc); to erase (a recording) |
| 洗手间 | xǐ shǒu jiān | toilet; lavatory; washroom |
| 喜欢 | xǐ huan | to like; to be fond of |
| 下 | xià | down; downwards; below; lower; later; next (week etc); second (of two parts); to decline; to go down; to arrive at (a decision, conclusion etc); measure word to show the frequency of an action |
| 下班 | xià bān | to finish work; to get off work; next service (train, bus, etc) |
| 下边 | xià bian | under; the underside; below |
| 下车 | xià chē | to get off or out of (a bus, train, car etc) |
| 下次 | xià cì | next time |
| 下课 | xià kè | to finish class; to get out of class; (fig.) (esp. of a sports coach) to be dismissed; to be fired |
| 下午 | xià wǔ | afternoon; p.m. |
| 下雨 | xià yǔ | to rain |
| 先 | xiān | beforehand; first; earlier; at first; originally; for the time being; for now; (prefix) my late (in referring to deceased relatives older than oneself) |
| 先生 | xiān sheng | teacher; gentleman; sir; mister (Mr.); husband; (dialect) doctor |
| 现在 | xiàn zài | now; at present; at the moment; modern; current; nowadays |
| 想 | xiǎng | to think (about); to think of; to devise; to think (that); to believe (that); to desire; to want (to); to miss (feel wistful about the absence of) |
| 小 | xiǎo | small; tiny; few; young |
| 小姐 | xiǎo jie | young lady; miss; (slang) prostitute |
| 小朋友 | xiǎo péng yǒu | child; kid (used to refer to a child, or by an adult to address a child, or, in Taiwan, to refer to sb's own child) |
| 小时 | xiǎo shí | hour |
| 小学 | xiǎo xué | elementary school; primary school |
| 小学生 | xiǎo xué shēng | primary school student; schoolchild; (fig.) beginner |
| 笑 | xiào | to laugh; to smile; to laugh at |
| 写 | xiè | used in 寫意|写意[xie4yi4] |
| 谢谢 | xiè xie | to thank; thanks; thank you |
| 新 | xīn | abbr. for Xinjiang 新疆[Xin1jiang1]; abbr. for Singapore 新加坡[Xin1jia1po1]; new; newly; meso- (chemistry) |
| 新年 | xīn nián | New Year |
| 星期 | xīng qī | week; day of the week; Sunday |
| 星期日 | xīng qī rì | Sunday |
| 星期天 | xīng qī tiān | Sunday |
| 行 | háng | row; line; commercial firm; line of business; profession; to rank (first, second etc) among one's siblings (by age); (in data tables) row; (Tw) column |
| 休息 | xiū xi | rest; to rest |
| 学 | xué | to learn; to study; to imitate; science; -ology |
| 学生 | xué sheng | student; schoolchild |
| 学习 | xué xí | to learn; to study |
| 学校 | xué xiào | school |
| 学院 | xué yuàn | college; educational institute; school; faculty |
| 要 | yào | to want; to need; to ask for; will; shall; about to; need to; should; if (same as 要是[yao4 shi5]); (bound form) important |
| 爷爷 | yé ye | (coll.) paternal grandfather; grandpa |
| 也 | yě | (adverb) also; both ... and ... (before predicates only); (literary) particle having functions similar to 啊[a5] |
| 页 | xié | head |
| 一 | yī | one; single; a (article); as soon as; entire; whole; all; throughout; "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1); also pr. [yao1] for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit |
| 衣服 | yī fu | clothes |
| 医生 | yī shēng | doctor |
| 医院 | yī yuàn | hospital |
| 一半 | yī bàn | half |
| 一会儿 | yī huì r | a moment; a while; in a moment; now...now...; also pr. [yi1 hui3 r5] |
| 一样 | yī yàng | same; like; equal to; the same as; just like |
| 一边 | yī biān | one side; either side; on the one hand; on the other hand; doing while |
| 一点 | yī diǎn | a little |
| 一起 | yī qǐ | (in) the same place; together; in company (with); altogether; in total; an instance of; a case of (murder, accident, dispute etc) |
| 一些 | yī xiē | some; a few; a little; (following an adjective) slightly ...er |
| 用 | yòng | to use; to make use of; to employ; (coverb) with; using; to need; to have to (usu. used in the negative or in questions); usefulness; utility; (bound form) expense; outlay; (courteous) to eat; to drink; (literary) hence; therefore |
| 有 | yǒu | to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3yi4] intentional) |
| 有的 | yǒu de | (there are) some (who are...); some (exist) |
| 有名 | yǒu míng | famous; well-known |
| 有时候 | yǒu shí hou | sometimes |
| 有 | yǒu | to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3yi4] intentional) |
| 有用 | yǒu yòng | useful |
| 右 | yòu | (bound form) right; right-hand side; (bound form) (politics) right of center; (bound form) (old) west; (literary) the right side as the side of precedence |
| 右边 | yòu bian | right side; right, to the right |
| 雨 | yù | (literary) to rain; (of rain, snow etc) to fall; to precipitate; to wet |
| 元 | yuán | Yuan dynasty (1279-1368); currency unit (esp. Chinese yuan); (bound form) first; original; primary; (bound form) basic; fundamental; (bound form) constituent; part; (prefix) meta-; (math.) argument; variable; era (of a reign); (Tw) (geology) eon |
| 远 | yuàn | to distance oneself from (classical) |
| 月 | yuè | moon; month; monthly |
| 再 | zài | again; once more; re-; further; beyond this point of time; (before an adjective) more; then (after sth, and not until then); no matter how ... (followed by an adjective or verb, and then (usually) 也[ye3] or 都[dou1] for emphasis); (used to introduce additional information, as in 再則|再则[zai4ze2], 再就是[zai4jiu4shi4] etc); (literary) to reappear; to reoccur |
| 再见 | zài jiàn | goodbye; see you again later |
| 在 | zài | to exist; to be alive; (of sb or sth) to be (located) at; (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) |
| 在家 | zài jiā | to be at home; (at a workplace) to be in (as opposed to being away on official business 出差[chu1chai1]); (Buddhism etc) to remain a layman (as opposed to becoming a monk or a nun 出家[chu1jia1]) |
| 早 | zǎo | early; morning; Good morning!; long ago; prematurely |
| 早饭 | zǎo fàn | breakfast |
| 早上 | zǎo shang | early morning |
| 怎么 | zěn me | how?; what?; why? |
| 站 | zhàn | station; to stand; to halt; to stop; branch of a company or organization; website |
| 找 | zhǎo | to try to find; to look for; to call on sb; to find; to seek; to return; to give change |
| 找到 | zhǎo dào | to find |
| 这 | zhè | (pronoun) this; these; (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun); (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhei4], esp. in Beijing) |
| 这边 | zhè biān | this side; here |
| 这里 | zhè lǐ | here |
| 这儿 | zhè r | here |
| 这些 | zhè xiē | these |
| 着 | zhe | aspect particle indicating action in progress or ongoing state |
| 真 | zhēn | really; truly; indeed; real; true; genuine |
| 真的 | zhēn de | really; truly; indeed; real; true; genuine; (math.) proper |
| 正 | zhèng | straight; upright; proper; main; principal; to correct; to rectify; exactly; just (at that time); right (in that place); (math.) positive |
| 正在 | zhèng zài | just at (that time); right in (that place); right in the middle of (doing sth) |
| 知道 | zhī dào | to know; to become aware of; also pr. [zhi1dao5] |
| 知识 | zhī shi | knowledge; intellectual |
| 中 | zhòng | to hit (the mark); to be hit by; to suffer; to win (a prize, a lottery) |
| 中国 | zhōng guó | China |
| 中间 | zhōng jiān | the middle; the inside; in the middle; within; between; among; during; in the meantime |
| 中文 | zhōng wén | Chinese language |
| 中午 | zhōng wǔ | noon; midday |
| 中学 | zhōng xué | middle school |
| 中学生 | zhōng xué shēng | middle-school student; high school student |
| 重 | chóng | to repeat; repetition; again; re-; classifier: layer |
| 重要 | zhòng yào | important; significant; major |
| 住 | zhù | to live; to dwell; to stay; to reside; to stop; (suffix indicating firmness, steadiness, or coming to a halt) |
| 准备 | zhǔn bèi | preparation; to prepare; to intend; to be about to; reserve (fund) |
| 桌子 | zhuō zi | table; desk |
| 字 | zì | letter; symbol; character; word; courtesy or style name traditionally given to males aged 20 in dynastic China |
| 子 | zi | (noun suffix) |
| 走 | zǒu | to walk; to go; to run; to move (of vehicle); to visit; to leave; to go away; to die (euph.); from; through; away (in compound verbs, such as 撤走[che4 zou3]); to change (shape, form, meaning) |
| 走路 | zǒu lù | to walk; to go on foot; to leave; to depart; (informal) to clear off; to beat it; (of sb who gets fired or resigns) to leave the job; to get out |
| 最 | zuì | most; the most; -est (superlative suffix) |
| 最好 | zuì hǎo | best; had better ...; it would be best to ... |
| 最后 | zuì hòu | final; last; finally; ultimate |
| 昨天 | zuó tiān | yesterday |
| 左 | zuǒ | left; the Left (politics); east; unorthodox; queer; wrong; differing; opposite |
| 左边 | zuǒ bian | left; the left side; to the left of |
| 坐 | zuò | to sit; to take a seat; to take (a bus, airplane etc); to bear fruit |
| 坐下 | zuò xia | to sit down |
| 做 | zuò | to make; to produce; to write; to compose; to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc); (of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, friends etc); (of a thing) to serve as; to be used for; to assume (an air or manner) |
